Metals-Non+Ferrous


 * ===Nonferrous Metals===


 * **Magnesium :** Magnesium compounds, primarily magnesium oxide, are used mainly as refractory material in furnace linings for producing iron , steel , glass and cement . Magnesium oxide and other compounds also are used in agricultural, chemical and construction industries. As a metal, this element's principal use is as an alloying additive to aluminium with these aluminium-magnesium alloys being used mainly for beverage cans.
 * The third most commonly used structural metal. Used due to its weight to strength ratio. Also used in may eletronics such as cell phones.
 * Used in many refining processes to help reduce slag
 * **Aluminium**: Aluminium is the most widely used non-ferrous metal. Most aluminium is an alloy and it is not in its pure state because alone it is a weak metal. It is also the most recyled nonferrous metal. When it is recyled it looses none of its chemical properties. That means that it can be recyled an infinate number of times
 * Properties: lightweight, strong, flexible, recyclable
 * The metal and its alloys are used extensively for aircraft construction, building materials, consumer durables (refrigerators, air conditioners, cooking.)  [[image:Al.jpg]]
 * **Titanium**: A metallic element, titanium is recognized for its high strength-to-weight ratio. It is a strong metal with low density that is quite ductile , lustrous, and metallic-white in color . The relatively high melting point (over 1,649 °C or 3,000 °F) makes it useful as a refractory metal. Titanium has an ultimate tensile strength of about 63,000 psi , equal to that of some steel alloys, but are 45% lighter.
 * **Cobalt**: The cobalt based superalloys consume most of the produced cobalt. The temperature stability of these alloys make them suitable for turbine blades within gas turbines and jet aircraft engines . These alloys are also corrosion and wear-resistant. Special cobalt chromium molybdenum alloys are used for prosthetic parts such as hip and knee replacements. Some high speed steels also use cobalt to increase heat and wear-resistance. The special alloys of aluminium, nickel and cobalt, known as Alnico, and of samarium and cobalt ( samarium-cobalt magnet ) are used in permanent magnets , which can be used for recording media , cemented carbides , and diamond tools.
 * Properties: hard, lustrous, grey metal
 * used in magnet steels and stainless steels, used in alloys used in jet turbines and gas turbine generators, used in electroplating because of its appearance, hardness, and resistance to oxidation
 * [[image:Co.jpg]]
 * nickel plating is often used to provide a protective coating for other metals, hydrogenating vegetable oils, batteries, electroplating
 * **Nickel**: is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. It is hard and ductile . The metal is corrosion-resistant, finding many uses in alloys, as a plating, in the manufacture of coins, magnets
 * Used to strengthen steel alloys and make them heat resistance
 * nickel plating is often used to provide a protective coating for other metals, hydrogenating vegetable oils, batteries, electroplating
 * [[image:Ni.jpg]]
 * **Copper** Oldest metal known to man. Tough reddish brown metal copper ore deposits are found in several different states. Sold in wire bars plates and sheets. Second best conductor of electricity. About 300 copper based alloys. Most are brasses and bronze.
 * Properties: Tough, Conductor
 * Uses: Radiators, Electric Wire, Cables,Pipes, Roofing
 * [[image:Cu.jpg]]


 * **Zinc**: Zinc is a bluish-white metal that is used for coating iron and steel for protection against rust. This is called galvanizing. As zinc cools, it forms into crystals which make the spotted pattern on galvanized steel. Galvanizing may also be done by electroplating, which produces a tightly bonded, smooth coating of zinc that provides superior paint adhesion. When galvanized steel is heated, it produces a coating of zinc-steel alloy (galvannealed metal).
 * Properties: Brittle, Corrosion resistance, strong
 * `Uses: Galvanized steel, galvannealed metal, wire fences, metal roofing, water tanks, water pipes, buckets, signs, automobile frames, german silver, brass, bronze, dry cell batteries, alloying, engines, electric tools
 * [[image:Zn.jpg]]
 * **Silver**: A beautiful, shiny, white metal. For commercial uses it must be alloyed to make it harder and stronger. Sterling Silver is silver with copper added to make it harder. Silver is the best conductor of electricity.
 * Properties: Electrical conductivity, soft, shiny, high fatigue
 * Uses: Mirrors, coins, tableware, jewelry, bearings, aircraft and diesal engines
 * **Tin**: Tin is a shiny, silvery metal. Very few articles are made of pure tin. It is used in making bronze, babbitt, pewter, solder, and other alloys. Tin is also soft and can be rolled very thin into things such as tin foil.
 * Properties: Soft, shiny, strong, anti corrosion
 * Uses: Making bronze, babbitt, pewter, solder, foil, tin plate, sheet steel, cans
 * [[image:Ti.jpg]]
 * **Tungsten**: Tungsten has the highest melting point of all metals (6098°F). It is used as an alloying element in steels and for making tungsten carbide. It is the hardest metal made by man. It is made by heating powdered metals, including tungsten, cobalt, and carbon in a mold. Some metal cutting tools are made from this, but it is widely used in die making.
 * Properties: Hard, Strong, High Melting Point, Fatigue
 * Uses: Carbide tools, die making, alloying metals
 * **Platinum** - A lustrous silvery-white, malleable, ductile metal and a member of group 10 of the periodic table of the elements. It has the third highest density, and is unaffected by air and water.
 * **Gold** - A metallic with a yellow colour when in a mass, but when finely divided it may be black, ruby, or purple. It is a soft metal and is usually alloyed to give it more strength. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity, and is unaffected by air and most //reagents// . //(2)//
 * It is the most malleable and ductile metal
 * Used as //buillon// and in jewellery, glass and electronics[[image:Au.jpg]]
 * Lead** Very heavy blueish gray poisounous metal. Lead is the softest metal. Very bright when it's freshly cut. Water and air do not have a great effect on lead than other metals.
 * Very malleable/soft, ductile, poor conducter
 * Used in batteries, pipes, ammunitions and weighting

References:

 * 1) "Lead (Pb) - Chemical properties, Health and Environmental effects." __Water treatment & Air Purification systems__. 2008. 30 Apr.2009 [|.
 * 2) "Gold (Au) - Chemical properties, Health and Environmental effects." __Water treatment & Air Purification systems__. 2008. 30 Apr. 2009 [].
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