hardwoods

>>>>
 * ===Woods===
 * ====Hardwoods====
 * Ash
 * Oleaceae Tree Family [[image:http://www.thewoodbox.com/images/woodimages/whiteash12.jpg align="right"]]
 * Creamy white to light brown
 * Open Texture, grainy (similar to oak)
 * Hard, heavy, stiff, strong
 * Moderate price
 * Finishes well, fill open grain before silk screening
 * Machines well
 * Readily available in most thicknesses and lengths
 * Good Strength to weight ratio
 * Approximately 41lbs/cu.ft.
 * Used in baseball bats, hockey sticks, and canoe paddles
 * Aspen [[image:http://www.cnr.vt.edu/dendro/dendrology/wood/aspen.jpg width="192" height="131" align="right"]]
 * Populus Tremuloides tree
 * Creamy - Light Brown color
 * Fine texture
 * Low Strength and density, soft
 * Light and flexible
 * Non-Durable
 * Low Price
 * Good Availability
 * Finishes well
 * Machines Fair
 * 26 lbs. per cu. ft.
 * Used for boxes, veneer, marquetry, and small furniture
 * Basswoods
 * Tilia Americana Tree[[image:http://www.thewoodbox.com/images/woodimages/basswood.jpg align="right"]]
 * Creamy white color
 * Close texture, little grain pattern
 * Soft, light, flexible
 * Moderate to low price
 * Finishes well
 * Machines well
 * Fair availability
 * Approximately 26 lbs. per cu.ft.
 * Used in boxes, clocks, food containers, and paper
 * Beech[[image:http://www.abenakitimber.com/assets/images/leaves/beech-wood.jpg width="150" height="150" align="right"]]
 * Fagus Grandifolia tree
 * Light Brown color
 * Fine texture
 * High density, hardness, and stiffness
 * Heavy
 * Difficult sanding
 * 46 lbs. per cu. ft.
 * High Availability
 * Finishes Well
 * Machines Fair
 * Used for boxes, flooring, furniture, handles, millwork, and sports equipment
 * Birch
 * Betula Tree family
 * Light yellowish tan [[image:http://www.thewoodbox.com/images/woodimages/whitebirch6.jpg align="right"]]
 * Close texture, has some grain pattern
 * Moderately hard and heavy, fairly stiff and strong
 * Moderate price (used as a cherry substitute)
 * Finishes well, silk-screens well
 * Machines well
 * 40-45lbs/cu.ft
 * Used as craftwood, firewood, toys, tongue depressors, toothpicks, paper, and furniture.
 * Cherry
 * Prunus Serotina Family [[image:http://www.thewoodbox.com/images/woodimages/cherry45.jpg align="right"]]
 * White to reddish brown
 * Close texture, subtle grain pattern
 * Moderately soft and light, fair stiffness and strength
 * Relatively Stable Wood, 2/3 as hard as maple
 * Expensive
 * Finishes well, silk-screens well
 * Machines well
 * Fair availability, typically short in length
 * 35 lbs./cu.ft.
 * Used in cabinetmaking, paneling, and caskets
 * Hickory[[image:http://customcabinetworks.net/images/Hickory_Wood.jpg width="160" height="160" align="right"]]
 * Juglandaceae family
 * Tan or reddish brown
 * Sapwood is white to cream
 * Very hard
 * Prone to end-splitting
 * 27 lbs per cu.ft.
 * Finishes fair
 * Machines well
 * Difficult to dry in open air
 * Used for tool handles, industrial applications, hardwood flooring, furniture and kitchen cabinets.
 * Mahogany
 * Swietenia macrophylla tree
 * Yellowish, reddish, pinkish, or salmon colored when cut[[image:http://www.countyfloors.net/store/listing_image.php?productid=17348 width="150" height="150" align="right"]]
 * Deep rich red or brown color with age
 * Exposure to sunlight causes fading
 * Grain is straight to roey, wavy, or curly
 * Fine or medium to coarse, and uniform
 * High durability
 * Finishes well, polishes well
 * Machines Well
 * High Availability, popular wood
 * 31 lbs/cu.ft.
 * Used for boats, flooring, furniture,and plywood.
 * Maple
 * Acer Family
 * Light yellowish white to light brown
 * Close tight texture, subtle grain pattern [[image:http://www.thewoodbox.com/images/woodimages/maple21.jpg align="right"]]
 * Very hard and heavy, stiff, strong
 * Expensive
 * Finishes well, stains fair, silk-screens very well
 * Machines fair
 * Fair availability, recently in short supply
 * Glass-Like Finish
 * 42-45 lbs./cuft
 * Used for furniture, cabinets, decorative woodwork, flooring, veneers, cutting surfaces, bowling pins, utensils, bowls, cutting boards, gym and ballroom floors, countertops, and instruments.
 * Oak
 * Quercus Rubra Tree [[image:http://www.thewoodbox.com/images/woodimages/redoak9.jpg align="right"]]
 * Pinkish reddish brown to brown
 * Open grain, very pronounced grain pattern
 * Hard, moderately heavy, stiff, strong
 * Stains black when wet
 * High price
 * Finishes well, fill open grain before silk-screening
 * Machines well
 * Good availability
 * 48 lbs. per cu.ft
 * Used for railroad ties, mine timbers, fenceposts, veneer, pulpwood, feulwood, crates, cakets, handles
 * Poplar [[image:http://whitebrothersmill.com/ecommerce/os/catalog/images/poplar.jpg width="150" height="150" align="right"]]
 * Pale yellowish white, greenish heartwood
 * Closed grain, little grain pattern
 * Moderately soft and light, stiff, strong
 * Good shock resistance
 * Lowest price of the stronger hardwoods
 * Finishes well, silk-screens well
 * Machines very well, nails well
 * Very readily available in all sizes
 * Used in furniture, cabinets, doors, musical instruments, siding, paneling, mouldings and millwork, edge-glued panels, turnings and carvings
 * Sycamore[[image:https://www.netescape-secure.co.uk/netescape/clientzones/wlwest/sitefiles/images/Sycamore_01.jpg width="243" height="176" align="right"]]
 * Platanus Occidentalis tree
 * Pink to brownish color
 * Average Hardness/Stiffness
 * 34 lbs. per cu.ft.
 * Difficult sanding
 * Finishes Fair
 * Machines Fair
 * Moderate bending strength
 * Very good availability
 * USed for boxes, crates, carving, flooring, furniture, handles, and woodenware.
 * Walnut
 * Juglandaceae family
 * [[image:http://www.thewoodbox.com/images/woodimages/walnut19.jpg width="150" height="150" align="right"]]Yellow to deep brown
 * The only dark brown domestic species
 * Closed subtle grain
 * Soft and moderately light, stiff, moderately strong
 * Expensive
 * Finishes well, silk-screens well
 * Machines well
 *  Fair availability, generally short lengths
 * Approx. 36-38 lbs. per cubic foot
 * Used for furniture, musical instruments, flooring, and gun stocks //(1) (2)//

__References __

 * 1)  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 0);">"Commonly Used Harwoods." 2000. TDH Manufacturing Inc. 29 April 2009. <[]  >.
 * 2) <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 0);">Lacasse, Roger and Karen. "All About Wood." Jan. 2007. The Woodbox. 30 April 2009. <[]>.