Polymers-Elastomers

Elastomers Other types of elastomers are:
 * Unsaturated rubbers that can be vulcanized are
 * Natural Rubber (NR) - A nonallergenic synthetic rubber elastomer substance having to some extent the elastic properties of natural rubber. The term is sometimes used technically to distinguish synthetic rubbers and rubberlike plastics from natural rubber. having physical qualities equal to or superior to natural rubber latex and improved biocompatibility
 * Uses: mainly used in the production of tires and in the transportation.
 * properties: elasticity, resilience, and toughness
 * Polyisoprene (IR) - a polymer of isoprene occurring naturally in rubber and gutta-percha and also produced synthetically.
 * Butyl rubber (copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene, IIR) - synthetic rubber produced by copolymerization of a butylene with isoprene,
 * Properties: nearly impermeable to air
 * Uses: tires, inner tubes, and insulation
 * Halogenated butyl rubbers (Chloro Butyl Rubber: CIIR; Bromo Butyl Rubber: BIIR)
 * Properties: Low permeability to air, gases and moisture, Vibration damping, Low glass transition temperature, Resistance to ageing and to weathering from atmospheric exposure, Wide vulcanization versatility, Fast cure rates, Processing safety: no nitrosamines or nitrosamines precursors
 * Uses: tires, inner tubes, and insulation
 * Polybutadiene (BR) - Oil-extendable synthetic elastomer polymer made from butadiene; resilience is similar to natural rubber
 * Uses: blended with natural rubber for use in tire and other rubber products
 * Properties: elasticity, resilience, and toughness
 * Styrene-butadiene Rubber (SBR) - The most common type of synthetic rubber, made by the copolymerization of styrene and butadiene monomers
 * Uses: tires, footwear, adhesives, and sealants
 * Properties: elasticity, resilience, and toughness
 * Nitrile Rubber (NBR), also called buna N rubbers - A synthetic rubber formed by polymerization of acrylonitrile with butadiene; the structure of the polymer, Also known as acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber; acrylonitrile rubber; NBR; nitrile-butadiene rubber
 * Uses: disposable lab, cleaning, and examination gloves, make fuel and oil handling hoses, seals, and grommets
 * Properties: higher the resistance to oils but the lower the flexibility of the material
 * Chloroprene Rubber (CR), polychloroprene, Neoprene, Baypren etc - A colourless liquid chlorinated diene, It is polymerized to make synthetic rubbers
 * Uses: hoses, engine mounts, conveyour belts, tyres, rubber boots, neoprene,
 * Properties: high elasticity, abrasion, low temperature abrasion
 * Saturated Rubbers that cannot be cured by sulfur vulcanization:
 * EPM (Ethylene propylene rubber) and EPDM rubber (Ethylene propylene diene rubber ) - A natural or synthetic rubber or rubberoid material, which has the ability to undergo deformation under the influence of a force and regain its original shape once the force has been removed.
 * Uses: silicone, mercaptan
 * properties: undergo stress and deformation and regain its original shape
 * Epichlorohydrin rubber (ECO) - Epichlorohydrin rubber is available as a homopolymer (CO) and a copolymer (ECO) of epichlorohydrin. Reinforced, these rubbers have moderate tensile strength and elongation properties
 * Uses: bladders, diaphragms, vibration-control equipment, mounts, vibration dampers, seals, gaskets, fuel hose, rollers, and belting
 * Properties: The homopolymer has outstanding resistance to ozone, good resistance to swelling by oils, intermediate heat resistance, extremely low permeability to gases, and excellent weathering properties. This rubber also has low resilience characteristics and low-temperature flexibility only to 5°:
 * Silicone rubber (SI, Q, VMQ) - A dimethyl polysiloxane material whose polymerization is affected by an organ-metal compound and some type of alkyl silicate. Silicone rubber is easy to formulate, easy to manufacture
 * Uses: automotive and electronic sealants and gaskets, tires, cables, industrial molds, food molds, artistic replications, toys and play equipment, molds, reproductions and bakeware
 * Properties: increased chemical stability
 * Fluorosilicone Rubber (FVMQ)
 * Uses: food products and chemicals including many solvents and petroleum-based products found in industry,coupling ultrasonic energy to the air
 * Properties: Very resistant, resiliant, and pliable
 * Fluoroelastomers (FKM, FPM) Viton®, Tecnoflon®, Fluorel® and Dai-El® - A partially fluorinated polymer or a copolymer; it is the most chemically resistant of the elastomers
 * Uses: lubricating oils and oxygenated fuels, such as methanol and ethanol automotive fuel blends.
 * Properties: good mechanical properties at high and low temperatures
 * Perfluoroelastomers (FFKM) - A millable, vulcanizable elastomeric composition comprising two fluoroelastomer phases, phase 1 and phase 2, wherein fluoroelastomer phase 1 is present as crosslinked fluoroelastomer particles, and where fluoroelastomer phase 2 remains flowable until a final stage vulcanization occurs.
 * Uses: O-rings and gaskets
 * Properties: very good resistance to high temperatures and/or chemical attack.
 * Tetrafluoro ethylene/propylene rubbers (FEPM) -
 * Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (CSM), (Hypalon®)
 * Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)
 * Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPE), for example Hytrel®, Santoprene® etc.
 * Polyurethane rubber
 * Resilin, Elastin
 * Polysulfide Rubber

__References __

 * 1) Reference 1 (MLA Format)...